Vigária marbles date back to the early Cambrian age (-600 million years).
The accumulation of such amount of carbonates in this period together with a strongly dyssymmetric cartographic geometry suggests an original accumulation of biological origin, some reefs of archeocyathes of similar age are actually known around the Mediterranean area. 
These rocks appear in a large and complex anticlinal fold of the NW-SE axis called "Estremoz Anticlinorium".
The land of the "Herdade de Vigária" is located on the southwest border of the Anticlinorium de Estremoz, specific conditions for this area induced the formation of a very pure marble of extremely tiny crystal and whose polishing is only
unmatched throughout the area. From a white color at its base, marbles progressively evolve to a more colorful background when they reach their upper levels, beneath the cover shales.
The Vicar deposit is considered the best of the crystalline marble of Portugal.
Originally discovered during antiquity by the Romans, their reserves still reach a staggering estimate of 650 million tons, that is, more than a thousand years of exploration at its current rate.